Saturday, December 28, 2019
Mandatory Minimum Sentences in Canada Essay - 2983 Words
Introduction This paper will be focusing on the controversial issue of mandatory minimum sentences in Canada. There has been much debate over this topic, as it has quickly become implemented for the sentencing of drug offenders, drug-related crimes and banned firearm offences. I will argue that every case that comes through the criminal justice system is different and deserves a fair trial with a sentence that is not already determined for them. There have been many cases where the judge has no discretion in the sentence due to the mandatory minimum sentences pre-determined for the case, no matter what the aggravating or mitigating factors were. I will argue that the mandatory minimum sentences in Canada should be reduced or eliminated as†¦show more content†¦The first section is for the mandatory minimum sentence of life in prison for first and second-degree murder and treason. The second section deals with firearms offences. The third section of mandatory minimum sentences address repe at offenders in seven distinct categories, which involve impaired driving and possession of unauthorized weapons (Canada, 2013). The last category of MMS in Canada deals with hybrid offences. These were implemented in the Canadian legislation in 1995. If an offender commits a crime that has been determined to result in a mandatory minimum sentence within the Canadian Legislation, the judge must implement that sentence no matter what the aggravating or mitigating factors are. Due to this sentencing legislation, many innocent people are serving time in prison due to a false conviction and the lack of judicial discretion in their individual case. Even though mandatory minimum sentences offer more costs then rewards, some politicians, community members and victims of crime still support it due to the proposed retributive and deterrent effects. There have been many cases and arguments against mandatory minimum sentences especially due to the fact that it restricts the judge’s disc retion during the sentencing process. These will be discussed in more depth throughout this paper. Issues of Mandatory Minimum Sentences There are many mandatory minimum sentences that have been placed in the Canadian law to help prevent crime from happening and toShow MoreRelatedCriminal Code And Charter Sections1414 Words  | 6 PagesSections Sentencing provisions in Canadian law are found in s.718.1 and s.718.2 of the Criminal Code, which states that, â€Å"sentences must be proportionate to the nature of the offence, reduced or increased depending on the mitigating and aggravating factors, must be similar to sentences imposed on similar offenders for similar offences in similar circumstances, and if the sentence is consecutive, it must not be unduly long or harsh.†Therefore, an offender should not be deprived of their liberty ifRead MoreThe Overcrowding Of The Correctional Facilities1730 Words  | 7 Pageson crime†for political gain. As mandatory minimum sentences and tougher conditional release criteria are introduced the population of those incarcerated increases. It causes unnecessary emotional and physical harm to prisoners. It also places inmates and correctional staff in danger. Something must be done before a major incident occurs as a result of negligent policies. Overcrowding affects nearly every correctional institution in the United States and Canada. In British Columbia some maximum-securityRead MoreThe Challenges of Creating and Implementing Crime Policy in Canada996 Words  | 4 PagesIntroduction Social policies are constructed to guide society. These policies are influenced by the collective morals and values of the people living in a society. Social policies in Canada are founded on the best interest of Canadians. Most importantly, social policies address issues by creating and implementing the appropriate solutions. Politicians have the prime role in creating policies and ensuring that these policies provide an answer to key issues in society. However, along the way theseRead MoreCanada vs. United States: Legal System1141 Words  | 5 PagesSince the British North America Act was adopted in 1867, Canada has been developing and writing up their own laws independently from other countries. Many people believe that, though our Canadian laws have come far from the days of the BNA act, they are still not up to par with the harshness of American laws. The advantage that Canadians have over Americans is that in Canada, there is only one criminal code for all Canadians whereas in the United States, every State has their own criminal codes whichRead MoreMandatory Minimum Sentences : Judicial Discretion1906 Words  | 8 Pages Mandatory Minimum Sentences: Judicial Discretion Twenty-nine offences in the Criminal Code have a mandatory minimum sentence of imprisonment time. The majority of these sentences were introduced with Bill C-68, a set of firearms-related legislation introduced in 1995. In addition, there are also mandatory minimum sentences for several other offences, such as child prostitution, betting, pool-making, and impaired driving. Mandatory minimum sentences impose legislated punishments, furthermoreRead MoreDTSM Assignment882 Words  | 4 Pagesfor up to two years. What is impaired driving? Impaired driving means operating a vehicle (including cars, trucks, boats, snowmobiles and off-road vehicles) while under the influence of alcohol or drugs. It is a crime under the Criminal Code of Canada and the consequences are serious. You may: lose your licence have your vehicle impounded need to pay an administrative monetary penalty need to attend an education or treatment program be fined upon conviction be required to install an ignition interlockRead MoreThe Canadian Bar Association Was An Appropriate Intervener1838 Words  | 8 Pageswas an appropriate intervener for two reasons: the CBA had a strong interest in the mandatory minimums within the impugned legislation and the perspective of implementing an exemption would act as a good alternative to amending the legislation in case the judiciary did not see good enough reason to dismiss the appeal. I will present an explanation for why the CBA argued for an alternative to the mandatory minimum, how it relates to the submissions of the respondents, and the reasoning behind theRead MoreThe Issue Of Gun Control1356 Words  | 6 Pageslaw-abiding citizens who use guns for legitimate purposes. HISTORY OF GUN CONTROL In 1892 Canada passed its first criminal code for gun control required citizens to obtain a permit in order to carry a pistol. In the mid-1930s, the government intensified their gun laws by requiring registration for all handguns. The restriction of automatic weapon ownership was also enacted within the next 40 years. In 1977 Canada passed Bill C-51. This law not only required that citizens obtain a Firearms AcquisitionRead MoreMarijuana Prohibition Canada1372 Words  | 6 PagesMarijuana has been a long on going battle as to whether marijuana should be legal in Canada and taken out of this act. The law behind the drug has a long history and many failed attempts at decriminalization. There are both positive and negative effects to this law, but I believe the positive effects weigh out the negative and that because of this marijuana will be legal in the near future. The Marijuana laws in Canada today are unresolved, as superior courts have ruled all cannabis laws to be of â€Å"noRead MoreAn Unconventional Approach Of Justice1780 Words  | 8 Pagesin Canada The definition of the word â€Å"justice†according to Merriam-Webster is, â€Å"the quality of being just, impartial, or fair†(â€Å"Definition of Justice†). Almost automatically associated with â€Å"justice†to many minds is the â€Å"criminal ‘justice’ system†â€â€and criminals. Canada’s criminal justice system and the penalties for crimes committed in Canada have been recent topics of discussion preceding this year’s general election. The Conservative Party of Canada promised mandatory minimum sentences for
Friday, December 20, 2019
Instructional Plan For High Quality Instructional Plans
In the world of education, it is crucial for teachers to create and implement efficient high-quality instructional plans that meet the needs and interest of all students. High quality instructional plans align with Common Core State Standards, provide differentiated instruction, meet students where they are, teach learners how to think, and enables them to claim ownership of constructing their knowledge. An effective lesson plan describe particular expectations, tasks, responsibilities, materials and resources, and end results of the lesson. Instructional plans must be designed with the students in mind and focus on the learner’s readiness levels, interest, and preferences. One of the most critical components of an efficient instruction plan is learning objectives. According to Lefrancois (2013) â€Å"learning objectives describe what the teacher and the student aim to achieve†(Ch. 1.2). This brief dissertation highlights important elements of three different instructi onal plans and identify the one that I find to be the most efficient based on research and personal experience. The first instructional plan highlighted here is the Common Core Aligned Instructional Plan Template. The Common Core template possess key elements of an efficient instructional plan. The lesson plan notes the Common core Standard being addressed. It describes what students will know and be able to do as a result of the lesson. The instructional plan demonstrates how and why the lesson is relevant toShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Cullman County Schools And Its Local Schools With Systemic Goals And Initiatives847 Words  | 4 PagesCullman County Schools DIRECTOR OF INSTRUCTION PLAN A leaders vision is embedded in all of their actions and thinking. My VISION seeks to: †¢ Unify Cullman County Schools and its local schools with systemic goals and initiatives to improve instructional outcomes while advancing the strategic plan. †¢ Build human capital that will drive our school progress toward school goals by improving teacher and leader capacity. †¢ Promote growth by providing the means for people to stretch while addressingRead MoreTeaching And Professional Learning Communities882 Words  | 4 Pagesimpact on me as an instructional coach. One of my responsibilities each week is to lead teachers in PLC. As stated previously, last year was my first year in this new role. My partner left the district very late in the summer and we were unable to find a replacement so I was doing the job of two people. I wasn’t sure how PLC was supposed to be structured and I didn’t have anyone to lean on for support, so I did the best I could to provide teachers with a new instructional strategy each week thatRead MoreAnalysis Of Napavine School District Action Plan Essay1193 Words  | 5 PagesA. Napavine School District Action Plan Summary Napavine’s goal is to engage and inspire critical thinking skills in every student through instruction that is individually relevant, motivating, aligned and diverse. Our action plan is for both the elementary and junior/senior high schools to utilize the Marzano Instructional Framework as a guide to student learning and professional growth. We have established that building administrators and teachers will utilize the Marzano Frameworks to guide professionalRead MoreInstructional Leadership. Throughout The Readings, Instructional1535 Words  | 7 PagesInstructional Leadership Throughout the readings, instructional district leadership that made the most impact dealt with incorporating collaborative objectives with regards to academic achievement. For instance, Waters Marzano (2006) found effective superintendents ensure that the collaborative goal setting process results in nonnegotiable goal in student achievement and instruction (p. 4). Collaborative goal setting is one of the crucial aspects of instructional leadership. Specifically, effectiveRead MoreThe Mission At Zebulon B. Vance High School1646 Words  | 7 Pages The mission at Zebulon B. Vance High School â€Å"is to graduate young adults who are self-directed, intellectually engaged citizens ready for college, career, and life.†Furthermore, it is a communal belief that â€Å"all students can learn and achieve at a high level; that an open channel of communication among faculty; students and parents is vital to cultivating student respect, responsibility, and independence; a commitment from all stakeholders creates a safe and nurturing environment through academicRead MoreEssay about Response to Intervention1351 Words  | 6 Pagesaccustomed to seeing.†Arthur Koestler Twenty-first century educational institutions are on a research journey exploring continued models, theories, plans, strategies and so much more to bring resolve to the problems facing our schools. Many schools are facing the ills of low performance and a decline in meeting Adequate Yearly Progress. Plans and studies to improve schools academic performance are on the rise. School leadership and districts continue to explore and search for the perfect researchRead MoreThe Retention Of High Quality Teachers1469 Words  | 6 Pagesschool districts across the country in recent years. School districts must not only look at the current level of student achievement, but also consider what is necessary to increase achievement and how schools will afford it. The retention of high quality teachers is an extremely important part of the student achievement puzzle. Teacher retention includes not only keeping the teachers who are difficult or impossible to replace, but also weeding out the teachers who are no longer a good fit. ThisRead MoreDeveloping Curriculum And Instructional Goals For Students With Severe And Multiple Disabilities933 Words  | 4 PagesDeveloping curriculum and instructional goals for students with severe and multiple disabilities requires a collaborative team, which includes the educational team and parents. The curriculum and instructional goals is a tool that assists in planning and implementing a high quality education. Developing an effective curriculum is a multi-step, ongoing process. The components consist of planning, developing, implementing and evaluating. It is essential for parents to voice their concerns for theirRead MoreThe Importance of Learning Materials in the Learning Process1538 Words  | 7 PagesCHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION The chapter presents the background information, statement of the problem, study purpose, objectives, and hypotheses to be tested, scope and lastly the significance of the study regarding the impact of using instructional materials in enhancing student’s performance in sciences within selected secondary schools in Luwero District. 1.1 Background to the study In secondary schools and other educational institutions worldwide successful teaching and learning is measured byRead MoreBest Instructional Practices For Teaching Content Standards964 Words  | 4 PagesAccording to Eric Sheninger, effective principals are instructional leaders, create a positive school climate, hire quality teachers, are organized, has great communication skills, and has a sense of professionalism. Many of these qualities are trait that I feel I possess and are continually being strengthened by the knowledge I acquire through my graduate courses and the role as FCIM facilitator. I hope that through hard work and diligence I will receive an assistant principal appointment in the
Thursday, December 12, 2019
Culture in the United States Essay Example For Students
Culture in the United States Essay One who goes before, as into the wilderness, preparing the way for others to follow. The author also describes (ironically) how he pictures his father as a pioneer: cleaving a path towards the setting sun as he hotly pursued the elusive maverick and furrowed the pine bars of the red light and the Pink Dog Cafi s with his hard-earned dollars. This second quotation tells us that the pioneer did not just travel out west and not return to settlements that already existed, as his father appears to have frequently returned to the pine bar towns. The father does not appear to be a settling pioneer like in Jeremy Rodock. The father also appears to be reckless, and always was when he was a pioneer according to his friends who spoke to his son. One said When Still Bill (the father) gits a goin you jest go to give him a clean track and keep well under kivver. It is apparent that the father has always been violent and reckless, and maybe were other pioneers of his time. The pioneers did what they wanted, holding up banks etc (as the father does in the story) as there were no laws in the Wild West; the setting for this story. If there were laws in the Wild West, then the pioneers culture would have been completely different. On the first page, Wild Bill Hickock, a pioneer well known for being untamed is mentioned on the first page after the initial description of what a pioneer was. He deserved his nickname of Wild. The story briefly mentions the way of life in American towns in the Wild West, e. g. Trinity. Here, the settlers would not have travelled far out of the town after they had moved there as they were surrounded by barren land. Therefore the main culture in the town would have likely to have been the saloon culture, where all of the men would go to have a good time, as there was no other form of entertainment. The authors father is a hero from the battle of Dobe walls; this is presumably Adobe walls and this shows that pioneers did not just go exploring and settling. The story mentions that the father had a cap and ball gun at this battle, and is shooting it off in the town where he is, until Ellen confiscates it. This shows that the gun culture present in America today originated way back with the pioneers. The father is probably always with his gun, not for defence probably, but more for ambushing and going on rampages, which he does in Trinity. The authors wife, Ellen is in Trinity to dedicate a museum to the Spanish explorers. The Spanish explorers are a very important part of American culture as it was the Spanish who first colonised north America, and were the first pioneers. Many cities on the West coast of America have Spanish names, e. g. Los Angeles, Las Vegas, San Diego, San Francisco, Sacramento etc. Without the Spanish explorers, many of Americas greatest cities would not exist today. When the Spanish made settlements, the settlers spoke Spanish, and their descendants today do also. Many Americans speak Spanish as their first language, not English. The Spanish influence in the United States is still clear today. Another clear feature about American culture in My Father is the dominance of women. The authors wife, Ellen is the one who stops the authors father from ruining the celebration. When she and her husband check into the hotel, and her husband starts having a conversation that she doesnt like, she simply tells him that they are going to their room. In the story, it says When my father announced his intention of attending the reunion, my wife offered no objection. It says announced, not told, which implies that he had to get permission to go. .u4e3ac5364cddae71a54d81572ce4b04d , .u4e3ac5364cddae71a54d81572ce4b04d .postImageUrl , .u4e3ac5364cddae71a54d81572ce4b04d .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u4e3ac5364cddae71a54d81572ce4b04d , .u4e3ac5364cddae71a54d81572ce4b04d:hover , .u4e3ac5364cddae71a54d81572ce4b04d:visited , .u4e3ac5364cddae71a54d81572ce4b04d:active { border:0!important; } .u4e3ac5364cddae71a54d81572ce4b04d .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u4e3ac5364cddae71a54d81572ce4b04d { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u4e3ac5364cddae71a54d81572ce4b04d:active , .u4e3ac5364cddae71a54d81572ce4b04d:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u4e3ac5364cddae71a54d81572ce4b04d .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u4e3ac5364cddae71a54d81572ce4b04d .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u4e3ac5364cddae71a54d81572ce4b04d .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u4e3ac5364cddae71a54d81572ce4b04d .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u4e3ac5364cddae71a54d81572ce4b04d:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u4e3ac5364cddae71a54d81572ce4b04d .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u4e3ac5364cddae71a54d81572ce4b04d .u4e3ac5364cddae71a54d81572ce4b04d-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u4e3ac5364cddae71a54d81572ce4b04d:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Hitler And Stalin EssayThe author may have written she had no objection as she usually does to other events that his father wishes to attend. All of this points to the fact that Ellen, and probably many other women out west, is very dominant. The reason that the majority of all the women out in settlements in the Western areas of the United States is that they originally migrated fro the East coast of the USA (after migrating there). To get to the Western states they would need to ride a horse for hundreds of miles (trains and cars did not yet exist). Only a very strong woman could do this. Therefore, all of the settlers in the western areas of the USA were strong and dominant, so their descendants would also be strong and dominant. These women are strong in society; they are leaders. Many dominant women are members of the society Daughters of the Revolution, which is run by daughters of those who fought in the Battle of Independence. This is the society that Ellen is a member of and is making a speech to about the Spanish explorers museum. The language used in My father is typical of the time that the story is set. Language is a very important part of culture. Many words used in the story are words that are pronounced incorrectly, e. g. Kivver (cover), goin, recleck (recollect), poplation etc. Many words that they say have had an a added in front, e. g. a-many, a-ring-tailed etc. There are words that are part of the American language but not the English that are used in this story, e. g. buckskin, bunting, Daughters of the Revolution, etc. There is not much slang used in this story, as most of the story is what the narrator is saying, and he appears to speak proper English without any slang or mispronunciations.
Wednesday, December 4, 2019
Corporate Laws Assignment
Question: It's about negligence. Essay needs to discuss about duty of care, breach and damage in all case by showing the reference case of it needs. Essay need to be written in IRAC form. (Issue, rule, application,conclusion. Answer: Issues In the given scenario in the case, the primary issue that is involved in the case is that whether there is any claim of Oleocampo through Micheal can file a law suit against Ridgeley for negligence. The other issue that is involved in the given scenario is that whether Julie, the worker in Oleocampo can sue Ridgeley for the failing to meet payments on the mortgage. Relevant Laws In resolving the issues of the given scenario, the laws relating to negligence has to be discussed in details. The act of negligence occurs when one person owed the duty of taking reasonable care and failed to do any act that any reasonable person should have done in taking the reasonable care. In addition to that the failure to take the reasonable care has resulted in the damage or injury to any other person (Alexander 2015). In the Southern part of Australia, the Civil Liability Act of 1936 is involved in making the assessment of the acts of negligence by any individuals and the amount or type of liability that incur on such individuals as a result of such negligence. In case any person sues another person in a suit of negligence, then such person is considered to have been seeking the financial compensation for the damage sustained on his or her part. The purpose of seeking the compensation in the financial terms in any suit of negligence is to put the victim of negligence in that position if the negligence has not occurred. In the general situations where negligence act is alleged is commonly in cases of car accidents or injury of personal property of other persons or medical or professional negligence (Barker et al. 2012). In order to make the determination of the act of negligence the following factors is entitled to be considered: Defendant owes the duty of taking care towards the plaintiff. Breach of care by the defendant Injury sustained by the plaintiff Relation between the injury of the plaintiff and the duty to take care by the defendant In a case of negligence if the all the above-stated elements are established then the suit of negligence can be filed and won in a Court of law. The first element that is the duty to take care determines the obligation on the part of any person in avoiding any injury or harm that is foreseeable if any care has not been taken (Fordham 2013). Application of the law in the given case In the given scenario, George Michael is the owner of the Oleocampo Company that is engaged in the supply of best quality of olive oil in the Koala island. The problem cropped up when in the adjacent firm of the Oleocampo, a person named Ridgeley by mistake sprays chemical pesticides in the groves of Oleocampo. As a result, of this incident, the quality of the olive oil of Oleocampo came down. As a result of that Oleocampo failed to supply olive oil to their customers at the price in which it was entitled to sell the oil. The Company Oleocampo sold the oil at a lower price. For the lowering down of the price the Company Oleocampo has to make a reduction of its 25% staff. As a result of that one lady named Julie lost her job and failed to meet her payments of mortgage (Stewart and Stuhmcke 2014). In the given case, there is breach of duty to take care by Ridgeley in spraying the groves. He should have been more careful while spraying. As a result, of the act of Ridgeley, the Oleocampo Company has to suffer a financial loss and hence can sue Ridgeley in a suit of negligence. In the case of Julie, her fact of losing job and failure to make the payment of her mortgage money is directly foreseeable to the act of Ridgeley. Hence, Julies claim against Ridgeley would be successful (Gibson et al. 2013). Conclusion In the conclusion, it can be said that the Company Oleocampo has the right to file a suit of negligence against Ridgeley. Julies claim against Ridgeley will be successful against Ridgeley. Reference List Alexander, K., 2015. Tort Liability for Ratings of Structured Securities Under English Law.University of Oslo Faculty of Law Research Paper, (2015-06). Barker, K., Cane, P., Lunney, M. and Trindade, F., 2012.The law of torts in Australia. Oxford University Press. Fordham, M., 2013. Legislation and Case Notes: Contributory Negligence and the Disabled Claimant.Singapore Journal of Legal Studies, p.192. Gibson, A., Richards, B. and Blay, S., 2013.Torts Law in Principle. Law Book Company. Goudkamp, J., 2016. Reforming English Tort Law: Lessons from Australia.Damages and Compensation Culture: Comparative Essays, Forthcoming.
Thursday, November 28, 2019
Good Governance Essay Example
Good Governance Essay Governance is defined here; as the dynamic interaction between people, structures, processes and traditions that support the exercise of legitimate authority in provision of sound leadership, direction, oversight, and control of an entity in order to ensure that its purpose is achieved, and that there is proper accounting for the conduct of its affairs, the use of its resources, and the results of its activities. Good governance is an indeterminate term used in development literature to describe how public institutions conduct public affairs and manage public resources in order to guarantee the realization of human rights. [1] Governance describes the process of decision-making and the process by which decisions are implemented (or not implemented). [1] The term governance can apply to corporate, international, national, local governance [1] or to the interactions between other sectors of society. In international affairs, analysis of good governance can look at any of the following relationships:[3] †¢ between governments and markets, between governments and citizens, †¢ between governments and the private or voluntary sector, †¢ between elected officials and appointed officials, †¢ between local institutions and urban and rural dwellers, †¢ between legislature and executive branches, and †¢ between nation states and institutions. The varying types of comparison s comprising the analysis of governance in scholastic and practical discussion can cause the meaning of good governance to vary greatly from practitioner to practitioner. [3] Reform and standards We will write a custom essay sample on Good Governance specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Good Governance specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Good Governance specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Three institutions can be reformed to promote good governance: the state, the private sector and civil society. [6] However, amongst various cultures, the need and demand for reform can vary depending on the priorities of that countrys society. [7] A variety of country level initiatives and international movements put emphasis on various types of governance reform. Each movement for reform establishes criteria for what they consider good governance based on their own needs and agendas. The following are examples of good governance standards for prominent organizations in the international community. IMF The International Monetary Fund declared in 1996 that promoting good governance in all its aspects, including by ensuring the rule of law, improving the efficiency and accountability of the public sector, and tackling corruption, as essential elements of a framework within which economies can prosper. [8] The IMF feels that corruption within economies is caused by the ineffective governance of the economy, either too much regulation or too little regulation. [8] To receive loans from the IMF, countries must have certain good governance policies, as determined by the IMF, in place. 8] UN The United Nations emphasizes reform through human development and political institution reform. [9] According to the UN, good governance has eight characteristics. [1] Good governance is[1]: †¢ Consensus Oriented †¢ Participatory †¢ following the Rule of Law †¢ Effective and Efficient †¢ Accountable †¢ Transparent †¢ Responsive †¢ Equitable and Inclusive Wo rld Bank The World Bank is more concerned with the reform of economic and social resource control. [9] In 1992, it underlined three aspects of society which they feel affect the nature of a countrys governance:[9] 1. ype of political regime; 2. process by which authority is exercised in the management of the economic and social resources, with a view to development; and 3. capacity of governments to formulate policies and have them effectively implemented. The concept of good governance has gained significant attention in the world and especially in Pakistan in the last decade. Since there are few theoretical studies on this issue in Pakistan, this paper analyzes the impact of some significant macroeconomic variables on good governance using time series data for empirical analysis. In this paper, democracy, economic openness, population size, peace years, unemployment, exchange rate, budget deficit, life expectancy and educational levels are considered the major macroeconomic determinants of good governance. We have employed the concept of stationarity to solve the by using Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) test. By conducting the time series regression analysis, we found that the stated variables are affecting the degree of good governance according to their levels. Good governance has gained significant attention in the world especially in the last decade. In recent years, good governance has attracted the attention of economists, political scientists, lawyers, politicians, national institutions, and institutions of World Bank and IMF. Since some empirical and theoretical controversies have been found on the concept and importance of good governance but it can be considered as a prerequisite for economic growth and development (Kaufmann and Kraay, 2002 and 2003). Governance can also be seen as the instrument of the effectiveness of a society’s institutions. If the institutions are appropriate and effective, the outcome should be good governance (Duncan 2003). Governance is the instrument of political, economic and administrative authorities to manage a nations affairs. It is the diverse mechanisms, processes, relationships and institutions through which residents of country and groups communicative their benefits, exercise their rights and obligations and arbitrate their differences. In good governance countries, the working condition is generally more favourable for providing protection and guarantees for investors. Good governance is therefore a compartment of governance, wherein public capital and problems are managed effectively, efficiently and in response to vital needs of society. Effective elected forms of governance rely on public participation, accountability and transparency. There is an increasing amount of research on the factors that lead to good or bad governance in the world. Good governance creates a good environment for investment, including investment in people, and leads to higher income, reduces poverty, and provides better social indicators. According to UNDP, governance can be worked out as economic, political and administrative authorities to manage a countrys affairs at all levels. It joints the systems, processes and institutions, through which residents and groups articulate their interests, put into affect their legal rights, meet their obligations and mediate their differences. More modern studies have pointed out that face-to-face interactions, trust and partnership within voluntary associations enhance the capacity of people to work together. By helping residents to overcome combined action problems, trust and membership in voluntary associations are recognized as important factors in building the basis for responsive governance (Putnam 1993, 2000). World Bank has described the concept of good governance in various dimensions such as rule of law, government effectiveness, regulatory quality and control of corruption. These dimensions cover the whole society and economic sectors of the economies. As a matter of fact, this study will locate the variables that have more effect on these dimensions. Governance has engaged all concerns of society and economic operators for economic development but it is also considered as a fundamental element to be incorporated in the development strategy. Nonetheless, having its importance, differences also exist in respect of hypothetical formulations, policy prescriptions and conceptualization of the subject itself. Researchers have different ideology convictions due to which its formulation differs in different areas. Policy analysis stand empirically on the historical research of governance gives distinction to government failures to deliver, leading to propositions for downsizing or rightsizing, while policy prescriptions for good governance take an evolutionary observation of the matter questioning relevance of public sector management of certain activities in a changed context. Good governance is the term that symbolizes the paradigm shift of the role of governments. Unfortunately, this wide reaching and internationally imperative claim have not been sufficiently proved empirically in Pakistan. To fill this gap in the literature, this study aims to analyze the determinants of good governance in Pakistan. Thus, the hypothesis tested in this analysis is given as follows: â€Å"how do higher levels of social and economic variables in Pakistan contribute to better governance. †Since the major objective of this study is to analyze the factors that affect the good governance in Pakistan, the paper is organised as follows. Section II explores the conceptual and theoretical framework of good governance. Section III presents the brief literature review on good governance. Data and methodological issues are addressed in section IV. Section V presents the results of an econometric model and discussion. Conclusion and policy implications are given in the last section. II. Conceptual Framework of Good Governance From 1990s, the idea of good governance as an instrument for sustained development and poverty alleviation has gained widespread acknowledgment, especially among international organizations. Local concerns over what would later be labelled good governance had long been represent in all regions of the world. However, during the Cold War, much importance was not given to good governance but after it when structural adjustment programme was failed to overcome the economicproblems of many countries and objectives were not achieved then the need of good governance was realized to implement these policies. This problem was faced mostly in developing countries where policies were effectively prepared but not implemented properly due to bad governance. Good governance is also pointed out as one of the targets of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), an agenda for poverty alleviation and sustainable development. At the Sixth Session of the Committee on Development Policy (CDP), promise to good governance and how to improve the progress were one of the agenda. Governance has been defined as the organization of society by the people, or as the use of authority to manage a countrys affairs and assets. It has to be noted, however, that there has hardly been consented as to its foundation meanings, and as to how it could be implemented in practice. Less clarity in the meanings of the term governance becomes noticeable when its historical evolution is considered. The concept achieved distinction in donor discourse around 1990, after the end of the Cold War. The World Bank was the first donor institution to implement the concept of good governance as a condition for lending to developing countries. In the start, centre of attention was rather political and on the improvement in the quality of public sector institutions. By the mid-1990s, international donors thinking of good governance had extended to include the concept of transparency, accountability, and participation. This addition was due to financial crises started in the last of 1990s, and for improvement of governance and stability of international financial institutions. Good governance can be identified with the following features: i. Good governance is mutually supportive and cooperative relationships between government, society, and the private sector. The nature of relationships among these three characters, and the need to make stronger viable system to facilitate interactions,assume critical importance. ii. Good governance is defined as control of all, or some combination of, the following elements: contribution, transparency of decision-making, accountability, rule of law, predictability. iii. Good governance is normative in origin. The values that provide the foundation for governance are the values postulated by the defining characters and institutions. This last point needs special consideration and attention. If donor-conceptualized standard of good governance were insisted upon, it would imply an insistence that Western-derived standards of manner be adopted in non-Western cultural environment. Scholars have also raised the problem of possible contradictions and trade-offs among the elements, for instance, economic growth, labour conditions, civil liberties, and the protection of the environment. The standards of good governance applied on the national, global and corporate environments would serve the goals of poverty alleviation and sustainable development.
Sunday, November 24, 2019
Neo-liberalism and Keynesianism essays
Neo-liberalism and Keynesianism essays It is often quipped that economists base many of their theories on assumptions. The old joke is that should an economist be stranded on a desert island, he will merely assume that a boat is available and quickly depart from the island. Indeed, whilst analytically comparing Keynesian and neo-liberal economics, it seems that economists assume that every person that peruses their journal articles has an extensive and exhaustive knowledge of macroeconomics. Thus, the danger for an enquiry such as this to degenerate into a fruitless analysis of finer points in economic theory can become apparent. For that reason, these two economic theories will be examined and analysed in the broadest possible terms. The work of the British economist, John Maynard Keynes, provides the basis for the Keynesian system. During the early 1920s and 1930s, there was widespread unemployment in Britain, the causes of which were extensively debated and analysed . Having attended the Paris Conference at the end of World War I as the principal representative of the British Treasury and deputy for the chancellor of the Exchequer on the Supreme Economic Council, Keynes was a prominent figure in this debate . Following the Great Depression in 1929, unemployment levels across the globe rocketed, with US unemployment reaching 26% in 1932 . In his book, The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money, Keynes postulated his theory regarding the relationship between high unemployment and the deficiency in aggregate demand . Aggregate demand is the total demand for all goods and services by all buying sectors within an economy . Essentially, Keynes argued that the unemployment apparent in the United States and Britain arose as a result of a deficiency in aggregate demand, which was low because of inadequate demand for investment . In order to remedy this situation, Keynes suggested that government spending was the answer . The logic behind this is reasonably simpl...
Thursday, November 21, 2019
IT - Project Summary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words
IT - Project Summary - Essay Example The mission state to define the future of mobile media and computing devices with iPad The expected result of this project is approximately 60% decrease in the time taken by the employees to complete a business transaction and also complete elimination of the inconveniences that are brought about by human error. In addition the transport cost that the company incurs annually will be halved. The proposed technology has substantial intellectual merit for a number of reasons: the resources wasted by the employees in performing a business task using the current information technology are saved and used to expand the business; the work environment that the employees will have will be favorable and at the same time the company will have the opportunity of outdoing the competitors in the market. This will eventually translate to the company’s profit. The tablet computing project is going to have wide implication on the company and the industry for many reasons: there will be a good f low of information between different departments and different branches. It will entail cloud computing where all the operation done in the business and data storage are based in the internet. The key tool that is used to achieve this is by use of iPads from the leading technologist Apple. The mission state to define the future of mobile media and computing devices with iPad The expected result of this project is approximately 60% decrease in the time taken by the employees to complete a business transaction and also complete elimination of the inconveniences that are brought about by human error. In addition the transport cost that the company incurs annually will be halved. The proposed technology has substantial intellectual merit for a number of reasons: the resources wasted by the employees in performing a business task using the current information technology are saved and used to expand the business; the work environment that the employees will have will be favorable and at t he same time the company will have the opportunity of outdoing the competitors in the market. This will eventually translate to the company’s profit. The tablet computing project is going to have wide implication on the company and the industry for many reasons: there will be a good flow of information between different departments and different branches. It will entail cloud computing where all the operation done in the business and data storage are based in the internet. The outcome of this project will enable the company to digitalize all the business operation and the security of information is enhanced because this technology provides the best information confidentiality, authenticity, accuracy and availability. The idea of any businessman or woman having to return to the office every time they needed to send an email or check the shipping status of inventory is preposterous; however not long ago it was reality. In today’s age given tablet computing, which provide s reliability and accuracy to users; companies can stay on the cusp of an ever-growing competitive edge with Tablets. Another benefit for businesses is iWork, an app that allows companies to create and share documents, presentations and spreadsheets. Mission statement they claim to be â€Å"†¦ defining the future of mobile media and computing devices with iPad. It is this futuristic outlook that separated Apple from competitors and launched them into such endeavors as the iPad. Another benefit is the way in which the client will feel towards the business since they can get the service at the convenience of their home. This will boost the corporate image of the company since it will join the few companies that have embraced advanced information technology. Reference Dietz, J. (2009). Project Summary: Evaluation of new and emerging technologies. U.S. project
Wednesday, November 20, 2019
Criminal Justice in the 21st Century, through Corrections Research Paper
Criminal Justice in the 21st Century, through Corrections - Research Paper Example Finally, the paper ends at a conclusion. Web resources from The Pennsylvania Stare University and the Ferris State University have been used. Reputable academic sources have also been reviewed. Criminal Justice in the 21st Century, through Corrections Introduction Research Hypothesis: All Corrections officers need a four year college degree to be part of the Department of Corrections; therefore a four year college degree in criminal justice will produce a professional thinking officer. This paper will examine the above hypothesis in the light of Internet and academic research and correlations. First, the nature and scope of the job will be discussed. Next, the importance of relevant academic programs would be focused on. The job of a corrections officer is hectic and sometimes very risky. A criminal justice degree can help him of her to understand the key concepts of the job better and faster. Moreover, university course curricula are concisely discussed to analyze the academic progr ams from the perspective of correctional activities in the detention centres. The university course curricula are designed to equip the students with wide spectrum knowledge with specialist skills. A relevant academic background with specialization on criminal justice can help in further learning at the work place. The paper ends up at a suitable conclusion. Nature and Scope of the Job A corrections officer is a person who is entrusted with the duty of security, safety, and supervision of the prisoners in a jail, prison, correctional facility, or another kind of similar establishment providing secure detention. In USA, there is a reasonable promptness and urge on the part of the law enforcing authorities to imprison the wrong doers and avoid any kind of procrastination. In doing this, involving private security management systems in the framework has become an imperative as far as the issue of criminal justice is concerned. Thus, commercial corrections and zero tolerance policing ha ve become the prominent features of American criminal justice (Jones, T. and Newburn, T., 2007). A detention facility is usually a very controlled environment and the detainees often attempt to create disruptions. Uses of physical force, isolation, and weaponry are some methods by which the corrections officer has to control the facility as per the jurisdiction under which it is categorized and maintained (Tracy, S.J., 2004). Therefore, there is considerable stress on the corrections officer regarding the technical, ethical, and legal aspects of his or her job. The resultant negative stress of handling the risk behavior of the detained inmates causes burnout, decreased life quality, attrition, and health problems among the officers. Particularly in the maximum security prisons, the hectic and complicated nature of this job is very much discernable (Tracy, S.J., et al, 2007). There is a critical need of practical training in this profession. This training is generally on job. The tra ining generally covers utilization of restraints and forces, weapons (e.g., firearms, batons, etc.), self defense methods, legal processes, negotiation skills, first aid and understanding of the criminal law. Report writing and case work are the certain theoretical aspects of the job. Moreover, training on occupational safety and clinical psychology is also important. (Tracy, S.J., 2004) A corrections officer can progress up to the position of a superintendent or jailor, and apply for reputable government jobs.
Monday, November 18, 2019
Enhancing Transit Passengers Experience at Hamad International Airport Research Paper
Enhancing Transit Passengers Experience at Hamad International Airport - Research Paper Example Rowley and Slack (1999) note that air travelers in transit are more likely to experience a sense of placelessness and timelessness, particularly because they travel across different time zones and between distant locations. Investigating the departure lounge of airports from the perspective of places where placelessness and timelessness could be exhibited, the researchers find that there is some level of sameness between passengers on transit, although their experience is influenced to some extent by cultural and national dimensions. As a result, the passengers’ sense of time and place may be softened but it is still present. De Barros et al (2007) also note that transit passengers in airports have different preferences and needs to destination and origin passengers, especially because they do not make use of access roads around the airport, while they are less likely to use some facilities in the airport depending on how the airport is configured, the type of transits, and se rvice quality of airlines. Investigating the views of transit passengers on service quality at terminal buildings, the researchers find that flight information display quality and security check staff courtesy are among the most important services for airport transit passengers. Fodness and Murray (2007), on the other hand, set out to investigate the expectations of passengers in the airport service industry with regards to service quality, exploring the perspective of airport passengers in relation to airport experience. In their findings, the researchers note that that the passengers’ expectations of service quality at airports are a hierarchical and multi-dimensional construct that involves three main dimensions of diversion, interaction, and function. By going beyond traditional measures of service performance in airports and using newer aspects of airport service quality like activity, it is possible to improve passenger experience and fulfill their expectations.Â
Friday, November 15, 2019
Morrisons ASDA
Morrisons ASDA Comparative strategies employed by giant supermarkets in the UK- A critical comparative study Introduction: Morrisons ASDA are the 2 giant leading supermarkets in London. They obtained wide popularity with their products services in UK market. This perspective study will be focusing on the analytical review of the strategies adopted by them in the business process. It will intend to make comparison of their strategic norms in the business with in depth examination comparative analysis to arrive at the suitable conclusions recommendations for their regular business policies. Morrisons is the 4th largest supermarket chain in UK It is having 11.5% share of the grocery sector in UK It is established in 382 superstores serving around 10 million shoppers in a week. Its business strategy is customer oriented focusing on selling groceries at the lower prices. Its establishments dealing only in the large superstores. It does not offer its customers an online shopping service it has not yet arrived in the financial services market. ASDA is too one of the leading supermarket in London, it is a part of the Wal-Mart family. They committed to provide services to their customer in the bright welcome environment. They strategically aimed to offer excellent standard of the customer service based on the customer service programme giving the right staff training to fulfil the needs of the customers. Varieties of products of the different brands are offered by ASDA in their superstores to achieve the customer satisfaction. Research Questions: This academic study will be purely focusing on the market strategies adopted by the leading supermarkets in their business processes. On going for the analytical review following are some of the research questions raised in my mind 1] What is the area of the business development of Morrison ASDA in UK? 2] What are the strategies adopted by Morrison ASDA for the growth expansion of their business activity in UK? 3] What are the suitable, feasible acceptable tools for their strategic analysis comparison in the business? 4] What are the comparative advantages of their strategies, policies in the business in UK? Research has been undertaken with the directions of all the subjective analysis in depth. Literature Review: Central issue behind this study analysis will be to make analysis of the recent strategies adopted by both of these supermarkets for their business development in UK to suggest them further improvements for their expansion in the area of activity in UK based on the detailed study. Martin Headen his associates has done analytical study on this topic in Jan 2009 which is purely focused on the Market Development of the ASDA Morrison in comparative analysis. They clearly stated that â€Å"Morrison is the supreme dealer of groceries in an international market seeking their promotion of sales services throughout the world, It has derived its rank with their optimum capability face to face contracts in door presentation for achieving the customer satisfaction, they are having the boom technology in the business planning premises†In the technical analysis of ASDA business strategy it has been stated in their perspective study as â€Å" 15.6 % of the grocery market is controlle d by ASDA in UK ,it is only a supermarket based petrol retailer to react a Safeways promotion, it swiftly cut its prices 0.8p per litre†[Martin et.al,2009] In his opinions given by a retail analyst he stated that â€Å"Price can make customer switch temporarily to a competitor, but it is not enough to make them stay. If the price is the only factor grocery shoppers considered, then Aldi would win every time, yet the budget chain has a UK market share of just 1.7%†[Fredric,2008] It is showing that price comparison is an important factor pointed out in this research journal for making the comparison of the strategies adopted by the supermarkets. However, it is aiming to find out that only the price is not to be treated as the sole successor for the market analysis, even for the increasing level of quality of the product in the stores price is considered to be subsidiary with in the limit of the budgets of the customers. In many cases for purchasing of the qualitative products customer prefers to spend excess above the budget, it is therefore strategic aim of the supermarkets is not always price based rather it is quality based in the product development. In the studies done by Antony Marric in his research analysis in sept.2009 he had given focus on the sustainable marketing strategies of the business developments adopted by supermarkets in Uk.He had analysed the related factors coming in the background of the research towards the porters 5 forces as a business strategy tool. He focused on the buyers power, suppliers power, market rivalry, threat of new entrants entry barriers with their inter relative impacts on each othe r in the process of the strategic business development. In his literature he has written that the â€Å" Sustainable Marketing strategy is based on the four P,s which are Price,Product,Place,Promotion the four Es which are Economy,Ecology,Ethnology,Ethics.†[Antony,2009] Antonys study purely focused on the scientific marketing strategies of the supermarkets in their business developments. It has been studied from the perspective of the customer orientation as well as the seller orientation in the market analysis. Economy is related to the cost control in the business ,Ecology is the interdisciplinary scientific study of the business interactions between the business organisms their impact on their environment analysis, Ethnology is an analytical comparisons of the origins ,distribution,technology,language,religion with that the social structure of the ethnic ,racial national divisions of the humanity where as Ethics are the benchmarks of the standard, rational code of cond ucts of the business which can be helpful for the survival stability of the business in the Market. Especially in ASDA Morrison there are extensive researches developments in the products to absorb the new customers in the market†[Henry,2009] In his scientific analysis Henry precisely focused on the socio cultural influences of the people leaving in the society on the food retailing .Now there are changes in the quality of the food products in Uk,Desire of the exotic fruits, fish in the past trends has gone now changed in the healthier food in the attractive packages suitable in the environmental scanning. He focused on the developments in the 21st century about the customer appearances towards the acceptability of the food products so far it has been closely impacted on the strategy of the appearance of the saleable product of the supermarkets. He also focuses on the changing habits of the customers changing habits of the customers towards eating food in this trend of the new culture how the supermarkets responded to the consumer preferences to stabilise their activity in the market. â€Å" Every supermarket has its own implemented strategy ,ASDA is the lowest price offers the cheapest one among all the supermarkets in UK which is closely followed by the Morrison , However it is having different impacts on the consumer behaviour might be due to the brand identity of the products sold in the both supermarkets.†[Peter,2008] The norm of study of Peter clearly pre-screened towards the view of the strategic development of the supermarkets in UK,it is based on the price fixation of the products in the supermarkets its relative impact on the consumer preferences their psychology towards accepting the products. He also stresses on the brand identity of the products which are sold by the supermarkets. Methodology: Methods will be used for the proposed study, will be based on the pure analytical trend of the supermarkets strategy in their area of activity of the business. The process will be divided into 3 aspects of the research. The proposed study is giving importance to the systematic exploratory research based on the survey ,observations analytical review. The research will be prepared in the aiming at the perspective direction of the users towards the suitable, feasible acceptable planning decision-making. It is appropriate to choose the exploratory research to focus in depth on the competitive strategies of the supermarkets for their business development in the emergent market.Survey is important to guess the impact of the strategies developed applied by the supermarkets on the consumer behaviour,Analytical review is to pre-screening the implications of the strategic management of the supermarkets based on the responses given by the consumers. Data Gathering Primary data will be gathered with the regular visits in the supermarkets at the periodical intervals. Data will be collected with conducting the regular interviews of the working persons in the supermarkets about their policies strategies in the expansion of the business. Why do interviews with workers offer policy insights? Observations on the consumer preferences information about impacts of the business strategies adopted by the supermarkets will be gathered. Observations can be helpful to make analysis of the changes in the consumer behavioural patterns their buying behaviour towards the policies implemented by the supermarkets. Survey of the potential customers with getting replies from them through customers will be gathered to gather data about the consumer responses. Secondary data will be collected from the journals,brouchers,product magazines of the supermarkets. Secondary data will be collected to know about the average consumer opinion about the products services liv ing in a particular area.It can give the consumer preferences as per the living area,age group along with the trends in the market. Data Analysis Qualitative quantitative data will be analysed to arrive at the validate conclusions. Grounded theory will be used in the analytical comparisons of the supermarkets. For the statistical analysis of the quantitative measurements Statistical Package of Social Sciences [SPSS] will be used to make the perspective analysis of the gathered data. Data will be analysed in the Strenths, Weaknesses, and Opportunities Threats to study the potential norms of the strategies adopted by the supermarkets with their impact on the business policy developments. Strategic norms in the business can be assessed with clubbing of the advantageous disadvantageous factors along with the internal external factors in the business. Study will be analysed in the cause effect relationships of the facts circumstances of the business developmental strategy in the supermarkets. How the circumstances leading to or caused to the potential effects in the business will be perspective analysed in the cut throat com petition the comparative academics. Statistical Techniques of Mean,Mode,Median,Standard Deviation,Range,Chi-square test, Co-relation, integration will be used wherever necessary in the statistical strategic comparisons. Data Presentation: The structured data will be presented in charts, diagrams ,histograms, graphs to make precise focus of the study towards the analytical review desired topic to obtain readers attention towards the research study analysis. Statistical measurements will be presented in the bar charts to have an in depth focus on the result orientation of the study with the suitability for attention understandibility of the user. Conclusion: The determined research study is an analytical view of the comparison of the business strategies of the 2 leading giant supermarkets in London.ie ASDA Morrison etc. The study will give precise focus on the implementation of the strategic tools in their business processes for the comparative study. It will be pre-screening their norms of the business development in terms of the area of operations along with their ideas prospective for the growth expansion of their business activity in the competitive UK market. Along with the tools of the strategic analysis it will be focusing on the merits demerits of the recent strategies of supermarkets with their complementary impact on the consumer behaviour in the Market. Even quantitative analysis will be done through the help of the statistical measures to arrive at the efficient, effective realistic findings of the academic research work. References: 1] Martin et.al,(2009),Research in Supermarkets,7 th edition, Boycott 2]Misher,F.(2008),Price Discrimination in Supermarkets, Toronto books 3]Ganguly,A.(2009),Strategic Marketing in Supermarkets, Tools Analysis of Business Strategies, 3rd edition, Sudan county publishers. 4]Adorten,H.(2009),Business Development in Supermarkets,1st edition,Antop Hill (ISBN14567512) 5]Disuza,P.(2008), Rationals of the Business strategy,2nd edition,Waffer
Wednesday, November 13, 2019
eBay :: BTEC Business Marketing GCSE Coursework
eBay Founded in September 1995, eBay has become a powerful marketplace for the sale of goods and services by a passionate community of individuals and small businesses. eBay is an online auction house where anyone in the world can log and buy or sell goods through an auction. Today, the eBay community includes 18.9 million registered users, and is the number one most popular shopping site on the Internet when measured by total user minutes according to the Media Metrix September 2000 web report. eBay’s Mission eBay helps people trade practically anything on earth. eBay was founded with the belief that people are basically good. They believe that each of their customers, whether a buyer or a seller, is an individual who deserves to be treated with respect. eBay will continue to enhance the online trading experiences of all - collectors, hobbyists, dealers, small business, unique item seekers, bargain hunters, opportunistic sellers, and browsers. The growth of the eBay community comes from meeting and exceeding the expectations their customers. eBay’s Market In 2000, the eBay community transacted over $5 billion in annualized gross merchandise sales (value of goods traded on the eBay site). eBay is not just a place for collectibles, beanies and Pez dispensers. On any given day, there are millions of items listed on eBay across thousands of categories. People come to eBay to buy and sell everything from the practical, unique, and interesting - such as automobiles, jewelry, musical instruments, photographic equipment, computers, furniture, and sporting goods. With the recent acquisition of Half.com, eBay's community now benefits from a marketplace combining traditional auction style trading and fixed-price trading. eBay enables trade on a local, national and international basis. It features a variety of specialty sites, categories and services that aim to provide users with the necessary tools for efficient online trading. eBay International eBay is truly a global marketplace, where individuals worldwide are coming together to buy and sell from one another. It is not uncommon to hear about eBay users in Japan buying items from users in the U.S., or users in Australia buying from others in France. Users on eBay represent over 150 different countries. With eBay's vision and global business strategy, the company will continue to expand its service and brand abroad. Currently, eBay has country specific sites in the United Kingdom, Canada, France, Germany, Japan and Australia.
Sunday, November 10, 2019
Meeting the Needs of the Youth
Youth in my books would be defined as Grade 8 – Grade 12. What makes this a challenging ministry, is the ever changing make-up of the youth. It seems that every 6 months or so you have an entirely â€Å"new youth group. It is not â€Å"new' in the normal sense as most of them have been In the youth ministry for a while, It Is that they have all changed and it seems like a â€Å"new†group. They speak of the generational theory, stating that each 20 years or so we have a different generation.I however see a new generation every 2 – 3 years. The culture we live In Is changing at a pace never before experienced. Simply looking at the advancement of technology over the last decade demonstrates for us the enormity of our current growth spurt. Although I fall in the same generation theory category as many of my youth, they are vastly different to me. A change has definitely taken place. I am not sure when It was that I moved out of the â€Å"cool†to â€Å"bo ring†category but It seems that it has happened. As all this change takes place one can only expect that the needs will also shift.What I wanted as a youth is most definitely not what the youth wants today. And it is herein that the difficulty lies, assessing the needs of the day. Meeting this Need Now that the greatest need has been identified, how are we to meet this need. Let me suggest the following methodology: 1. Clear concise exposition of the Word. There Is no other way to bring a person to the point of repentance. Paul while ministering to an Idol riddled generation, did not soften the truth. No In Acts 17 we see that Paul does not shrink in declaring the whole counsel of God. Paul even goes s far as telling the hostile audience that they need to repent.Too often today those ministering to youth do not want to teach on so called hard truths found In scripture. We are being told by the â€Å"experts†that teaching too much doctrine is not good. At a recent yout h workshop we were told that teaching systematically through a book of the Bible â€Å"is Just wrong†. We were told that the youth wants fun filled stories and entertaining challenges and nothing that actually breaks down their self esteem. In saying this however, I do acknowledge that some systematic teaching can be done incorrectly, so as to bore or put anyone off.The clear concise exposition that is needed is one that requires much preparation. The preacher needs to know his audience and has to be diligent to bring the message to bear on that audience. Just as it is no use teaching speed reading to 4 year olds, it is no use teaching Supernaturalism to your youth group. It is my opinion that it takes much more work to teach the scriptures to youth and children than adults. More illustrations are needed, more explanation is needed and bridging the gap requires more work. But at he end of the day Is that not what preaching Is all about? 2.Diligent discipleship 1 OFF to conver t the nations. The youth worker needs to work hard at discipline his youth. This takes the form of personal discipleship and the arranging of other discipleship relationships. It is not a dereliction of duties to ask some of the adults in the church to help with discipleship. One youth pastor cannot himself disciple the entire group. This is the primary reason I prefer not to have the main youth meeting on Sunday nights when the â€Å"adult†church meets next door. No, the young people need to get to now the church members and see how they live their Christian lives.This is not a new concept, but simply the Biblical example of having the older men and women training the younger members of the church. (Titus 2:1-8) Discipleship is hard work and time consuming, but also the most rewarding part of my ministry. What a Joy it is to see a young man growing in his walk with the Lord and seeing the same young man's discernment consistently growing. Loving admonition It is often diffi cult to admonish one of the people we love and enjoy. We perceive that our admonishment will create barriers in our relationship.However â€Å"faithful are the wounds of a friend†. During my ministry I have seen that even though the initial reaction is not always what we would desire, the long term affects are rewarding. The youth sees that you are willing to admonish so that they can grow in Christ. You are not simply standing by and condoning (sometimes nonverbally) their obvious wrong behavior. This should always be done in love though. Admonishing must be done carefully and lovingly always addressing a pattern of sin and not one isolated incident. As a parent I feel the tension of loving and disciplining daily.None of us parents or youth workers delights in admonishing, but we are commanded by God to admonish. While admonishing I always keep the following two Proverbs in mind Proverbs 13:24 â€Å"He who spares the rod hates his son, But he who loves him disciplines him p romptly' and Proverbs 8:9 â€Å"Do not rebuke a scoffer, lest he hates you; Rebuke a wise man and he will love you. †4. Purposeful ministry The adage is true, â€Å"if you aim at nothing you will be sure to hit it every time. †In order for the youth ministry to be successful it needs to have a defined purpose.A narrow repose, â€Å"having a large youth group†is not specific enough. Each youth ministry is going to have a different local purpose; I say local as the ultimate purpose should be to â€Å"bring them up in the training and admonition of the Lord†. Some local purposes will be to establish an initial vibrant youth ministry; others will be to effectively reach the local High School, or even to establish spiritual growth in a core group. Whatever your purpose, it needs to be defined and a plan of action developed. It is important to know how you plan to achieve your purpose.What steps are you going to take so as to assure (realizing it is God who builds His church) that your ministry meets the intended purpose? Conclusion While I agree that doing the same today as we did 10 years ago is not going to cut it, I argue that at the heart the ministry is the same. The youth of today has the same fundamental need as the youth 30 years ago – regeneration. If you are serious about meeting the needs of the youth this is where you must begin. Take the above begin to minister to the youth of today. Always keeping 1 Corinthians 10: 31 as your guide.
Friday, November 8, 2019
Free Essays on Boating And Drinking
The persuasive speech, Drinking and Boating: A Deadly Combination,†was able to capture the reader’s attention very well. In the introduction the speaker acquired the reader’s attention by the way of narrative styles, vivid imagery as well as by adding a â€Å"personal touch†to the introduction. The author used vivid language that was indeed very effective by capturing the reader’s attention and by making the reader almost feel all of what the author was feeling and thinking. This persuasive way of presenting this speech was very effective by using coordinating and sub coordinate points that supported the thesis. These points were effective in making the audience aware by highlighting on the fact that boating and drinking was a serious problem. It also explained very the causes of the problem as well as a solution to the problem. The authors’ use of transitions allowed the reader to â€Å"flow†from one point to the other with ease. The author used somewhat simple language in this speech. Repetition and imagery were what the author used most. The use of repetition was effective in making the reader not forget what the author has said and the use of imagery was successful in drawing a mental picture in the readers head. The author also asks questions and later on in the speech answers those same questions. The conclusion tied well with the introduction as well as followed the persuasive pattern that the entire speech did. It makes those who read this speech want to take action and not hold the belief that drinking and boating is an acceptable recreational activity. In a whole, the conclusion restated all that was said throughout the speech, and did so very successfully.... Free Essays on Boating And Drinking Free Essays on Boating And Drinking The persuasive speech, Drinking and Boating: A Deadly Combination,†was able to capture the reader’s attention very well. In the introduction the speaker acquired the reader’s attention by the way of narrative styles, vivid imagery as well as by adding a â€Å"personal touch†to the introduction. The author used vivid language that was indeed very effective by capturing the reader’s attention and by making the reader almost feel all of what the author was feeling and thinking. This persuasive way of presenting this speech was very effective by using coordinating and sub coordinate points that supported the thesis. These points were effective in making the audience aware by highlighting on the fact that boating and drinking was a serious problem. It also explained very the causes of the problem as well as a solution to the problem. The authors’ use of transitions allowed the reader to â€Å"flow†from one point to the other with ease. The author used somewhat simple language in this speech. Repetition and imagery were what the author used most. The use of repetition was effective in making the reader not forget what the author has said and the use of imagery was successful in drawing a mental picture in the readers head. The author also asks questions and later on in the speech answers those same questions. The conclusion tied well with the introduction as well as followed the persuasive pattern that the entire speech did. It makes those who read this speech want to take action and not hold the belief that drinking and boating is an acceptable recreational activity. In a whole, the conclusion restated all that was said throughout the speech, and did so very successfully....
Wednesday, November 6, 2019
How To Double Your Facebook Reach With Rebekah Radice [Podcast]
How To Double Your Facebook Reach With Rebekah Radice [Podcast] Organic reach: How do you boost yours? It’s one of those things that you might find to be a mystery, but it doesn’t have to be that way. Today we’re talking to Rebekah Radice, a social media strategist and the Chief Marketing Officer of Post Planner. With her help and expertise, Post Planner managed to double their Facebook organic reach. Rebekah has one of the top 10 social media blogs for 2015 and 2016, according to Social Media Examiner. She’s the author of the e-book, Shine Online, and she has been featured on NBC, Social Media Today, Steam Feed, Maximize Social Business, and others. She’s also a keynote speaker and is passionate about educating entrepreneurs and future business leaders. Some of the topics that you’ll hear discussed today include: Some information about Post Planner, as well as details on what Rebekah’s position as CMO entails. The biggest challenge with Facebook that marketers struggle to resolve. How Post Planner has achieved such great success with Facebook, and why organic growth is their main focus. How having big, crazy goals and a narrow focus contributed to Post Planner’s success. The importance of visual marketing and letting your personality shine through in your content. Rebekah’s advice for marketers who want to improve their Facebook organic reach.
Sunday, November 3, 2019
Private Schoolls Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words
Private Schoolls - Essay Example For as many wonderful public schools that exist, there are also those that perform under the bar. Unfortunately for most families, children must go to the public school that their home is zoned in. Usually there is a perceived or statistically supported issue with a public school's academic record that flags a parent's concern and willingness to move their child into a private school. Private schools usually have a more rigorous academic reputation. But within the public school system, Charter Schools and Magnet schools both blur the distinction between public and private schools. Related to the academic reputation is the focus of the school on college preparation. Within the public school system, the percent of children that go on to college differs depending on the location of the school. You can't lump all the schools together. However, you can look at the school's overall focus and whether it is on college preparation or not (and whether that is your shared focus). School Size and Class Size can be correlated to a school's ability to execute on its academic goals. Basically, when a school gets too big, it can become burdensome to administer. Students and programs may fall into the cracks. But a school that is too small may not have enough money to support specialized programs. Class size is another factor that parents will look into when considering private or public school. How many children will the classroom teacher be responsible What is the overall student to teacher ratio Usually, the smaller the class size, the more attention each individual student will receive. Safety at school and the general school environment is another factor that parents use to decide whether or not to keep their children in public school or move them into private school. Many public schools have perfectly safe environments, yet in some school districts, children may be safer in private schools. Some of this may have to do with the fact that private schools may pick and choose who they enroll, therefore keeping their classroom milieu safer. Special programs impact parents in two different ways when considering private versus public schooling. Because public schools have a responsibility to teach all students, public schools often have in place special programs for children with special needs (whether it is academically or mentally). Private schools, while they may have special programs for gifted students, will rarely have programs for children with special needs unless that is what the private school specializes in. There are also other kinds of special programs, for example, ones that specialize in the arts. Military, boarding, and single-sex programs are usually only found in a private setting. Cost is another important factor that impacts the private school versus public school decision. Simply put, private schools charge tuition whereas public schools are
Friday, November 1, 2019
American Psycho Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words
American Psycho - Movie Review Example In this essay, Messier analyzes the paradigm related to the term, eloquently propounded by Robert Stam as â€Å"intertextual dialogism†. The relation between the literary texts and its cinematic adaptations in the recent years as claimed by Vartan has suffered from a lack of narration between the literary text and its cinematic adaptation. Vartan claims that it would be a very logo centric approach and straightforward inference if the cinematic adaptations of the literary texts are coined as â€Å"unfaithful to and/or of lesser value†in relation to their mother text from which the cinematic production has evolved without taking into consideration the huge realm of socio-cultural context upon which they evolve and get dispersed. In order to establish this content of the essay, Vartan meticulously chose one of the best cinemas of the recent times, which is an adaptation of a text. American Psycho is a novel by Bret Easton Ellis published in the year 1991. In the year 200 0, director Marry Harron prepared a film out of the Ellis’ text which Vartan and the critics following the same school of thoughts considered for a close reading. They considered both the works from a very close contour resulting into the establishment of the discourse that would give a shape to the interpretations, receptions and dispersions of both the works under a critical and ideological light. Vartan begins the paper by providing a short overview of the text, â€Å"American Psycho†by Ellis and then introduces the amount of controversy inherent within the content of the text before the essay intends to discuss the myriad ways by which the visual poetics of the novel operate as a cut-throat and dissecting critique by figuring the transition of the aesthetics related with the sexual violence which Vartan views as a potent trend in the contemporary consumer culture. Next, the essay takes a turn and launches the comparison of the text by Ellis with that of its cinema tic adaptation of Harron and intends to discuss the shortcomings inherent in the novel which shocks the audiences. Contrarily, according to Vartan, the film by Harron provides a social commentary keeping the plot of the film at a safe distance which actually facilitated it to became more soothing (Messier, â€Å"Visual Poetics, Intertextuality, and the Transfiguration of Ideology: An "Eye" for an "I" in Mary Harron's Cinematic Adaptation of Bret Easton Ellis's "American Psycho"). Vartan in order to establish the propositions suggested by him at the very outset of the essay divides the essay into four sub-sections with intriguing titles like, ‘ Shock and Scandal: American Psycho as Postmodern Pastiche’, ‘ From Pastiche to Parody, or, an â€Å"I†for an â€Å"Eye†, ‘ Transfigurations: Excess, Affect, and the Gaze’ and ‘The Politics of Adaptation: Poetics, Intertextuality, and Ideology’. These sections individually throw elabo rate light on the propositions inherent within the essay required to establish the point of Vartan effectively. The section, ‘ Shock and Scandal: American Psycho as Postmodern Pastiche’ discusses the amount of problem the film, ‘American Psycho’ was about to face long before its date of release owing to the fact that it was a cinematic adaptation of a text which was already condemned as, â€Å" sadistic, pornographic , misogynistic and loathsome†. The negative reception according to Vartan did create an inquisitive pursuit and rage to view the film as it was thought to capture a few of its turbulent sexually violent passages, but Vartan asserts that maintenance of the distance from the stark
Wednesday, October 30, 2019
A preliminary analysis of a Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words
A preliminary analysis of a - Essay Example (Leon C. Metz, 1993) El Paso stands on the Rio Grande over the outskirt from Juarez, Chihuahua, Mexico. The two urban areas, plus Las Cruces, structure a joined global metropolitan territory, in some cases alluded as the El Paso Juarez Las Cruces, with in excess of 2.7 million individuals. The El Paso Juarez locale is the biggest bilingual, binational work compel in the Western continent. History of Elpaso El Paso County was secured in March 1850, with San Elizario as the first district. After the Civil War's decision, the town's populace started to develop as Texans proceeded to move into the villages and soon turned into the larger part. Mining and different businesses slowly advanced in the zone. The El Paso and Northeastern Railway was sanctioned in 1897, to help remove the characteristic assets of encompassing territories, particularly in southeastern New Mexico Territory. The 1920s and 1930s saw the rise of real business advancement in the city. The Depression period in general hit the city hard, and El Paso's populace declined through the closure of the Second World War with the vast majority of populace misfortunes originating from the white neighborhood. Regardless, whites remained the larger part to the 1940s. Immigration As far as movement, the climbing entrances of legitimate and illicit settler laborers and suburbanite specialists from Mexico add to work energy development and further weaken abilities levels. About 43 percent of El Paso County's populace development between 1970 and 1990 stemmed from universal relocation, helping at any rate an extra 50,000 specialists to the work power. Worker laborers added an alternate 20,000 to 25,000. A key figure in the city's surpluses of low aptitudes and low laborer desires has been the dangerous development of the work energy. A 3.4 percent twelve-month development between 1974 and 1990. Double the national rate, this development came up from conditions like those working in Mexico in the meantime: fast p opulace development, swollen associates arriving at working age, and higher support rates around Hispanic ladies. Breaking this cycle will be troublesome. The intensely Hispanic outskirt environment abates the move to English and obstructs osmosis. Their nonstop increase into the under-financed state funded schools disengages English-insufficient Mexicans and Mexican-Americans, blocking quick cultural assimilation and quality training. Mexico's blasting work power will proceed to break into US fringe work markets. El Paso must enhance instruction and work preparing abilities and work to draw in higher esteem included commercial enterprises. In the interim, the city and area must do what it can to abate the expansion in low-ability laborers and press Washington for better authorization at the fringe and against managements of ineligible outsiders. Schools Regarding schools, El Paso is home to the University of Texas at El Paso, the biggest state funded college in the district. It was as of late stacked up as the seventh best school in Washington Monthly's 2013 National University Rankings, just behind Stanford and in front of Harvard. Likewise, the college's School of Engineering is the country's top maker of Hispanic designers with advanced degrees. The El Paso region people essential go to state funded schools in four school areas, El Paso Independent School District, Ysleta Independent,
Monday, October 28, 2019
Literature review Essay Example for Free
Literature review Essay According to (Light, Pillerner, 1984), systematic literature review is also useful for it provides literature review needed in the scientific world. Systematic reviews follow a predetermined set of guidelines while being conducted and produces results that are fair. Unbiased reports are of great scientific value for they become the rationale for scientific studies. Through the results, hypotheses that do not have supporting evidence are eliminated and the ones which are based on evidence used for scientific studies. Thus systematic literature reviews define strengths and limits of available researches that are used in the science world. Among the many advantages of systematic literature review is that, unlike ordinary research that provides conclusions and suggests recommendations to a particular study or question, systematic literature review does not limit researchers, practitioners, clinicians, health care managers among other users of systematic review findings. Mulrow (2008) states that systematic literature review leaves room for the findings to be challenged. For instance, if researchers do not agree with a particular study that has been appraised through systematic literature review; room is provided for parties who do not agreeing with the research findings to build their own reviews. The transparent way through which systematic literature review is conducted provides the building blocks through which it can be challenged. In addition, the process of conducting a systematic literature review is less tiring as compared to the primary studies which use data collected from the field. Systematic literature reviews uses the already processed and documented primary data and therefore is less tedious. Power and precision is accorded to systematic reviews through their use of quantitative methodologies in data analysis. When compared with other traditional research literatures, systematic reviews have an advantage over them for they are able to justify their evidence and conclusions qualitatively and also quantitatively. Thomas, Harden et al, (2004) acknowledges that the use of Meta – analysis in systematic reviews gives them a greater command when it comes to evidence over traditional literature reviews that only relies on qualitative evidence. In addition, the combination of qualitative and quantitative methodologies ensures that the results are of greater precision. Systematic literature reviews uses a methodology that does not have room for biasness. The results obtained through systematic literature reviews are valid and can be reproduced when the same procedure is used. Mulrow, (2008) emphasizes that systematic reviews are transparent and researches widely on the available data making policy makers, clinicians, nurses among other users to widely rely on systematic literature reviews. The reviews also provide information that is clear and defined depending on the question or the study under review. Last but not least of the advantages of systematic literature review is the use of quantitative methods in literature reviews. The combination of both qualitative and quantitative methods of evaluating existing data contributes to the accuracy of results accorded to systematic literature reviews. Systematic literature review is far from perfect and many professionals argue as to the practicability of the evidence produced through systematic literature reviews. They argue that systematic literature reviews are reviews done by a group of researchers who think that by conducting the review, they have already solved a problem. According to Mulrow, (2008) to most professionals, a systematic literature review only signifies the beginning of a finding and not a way for solving a problem. For instance, while systematic literature reviews makes use of existing researches to make the reviews, the existing research evidence may have been conducted in relation to a particular group of people, area or particular settings. Then, though the systematic review conclusions will be drawn, questions arise as to how systematic literature reviews that may have used research findings that were only meant for a particular group of people or area should be generalized to other regions or people. They raise a problem of generalizing and disseminating quality and clear information to consumers and thereby undermining one of the most important reasons as to why systematic literature reviews should be done.
Saturday, October 26, 2019
church :: essays research papers
Lecture Notes History 361: Witchcraft and Heresy in Europe Lecture 3: â€Å"The Evolution of Christianity in Western Europe through the 11th Century†1.During the era 850-1100, Christianity as it was practiced in Europe was dominated by monks and monasteries. The world was wicked and filled with pollution. Those concerned with their salvation had to flee the world and then seek to cleanse themselves from its pollutions. Monasteries were understood to be places separate from the world where individuals could go to seek self-purification 2. Monasteries were organized like other feudal estates. Most monasteries were founded by kings, queens and nobles. In this sense most abbots were like the vassals of great lords. In fact some abbots were warriors and fought for the lords. Most though, dedicated themselves to prayer for the souls of the lord and his dependents. The relationship between the abbot of a monastery and the peasants attached to monastery lands was the same as the relationship between any landlord and his serfs. 3.Monks were men who lived by a rule or a written out code of conduct. For this reason they were know as â€Å"regular†clergy. The rule was understood to be a path toward spiritual perfection. At the heart of most rules was a vow of â€Å"stabilitas,†a vow to remain stationary in a given location. The opposite of monks were hermits, men who roamed around in the â€Å"desert,†actually the woods, as a path toward spiritual perfection. In Western Europe almost every monastery followed the Rule of St. Benedict of Nursia (6th century). In his rule St. Benedict set out simple rules emphasizing manual labor for monks to follow. No distinction based upon wealth was made between brothers. The rule of St. Benedict of Nursia was reformed by St. Benedict of Aniane in the 9th century. St. Benedict of Aniane made distinctions among brothers, basically pushing most of the manual labor off on poor brothers and servants, giving the full members the task of daily rituals of col lective prayer. At the beginning of the eleventh century, Europe was dominated by two confederations of monasteries, those centered around Cluny in France, and those centered around Gorze in the Holy Roman Empire (Germany). Cluny insisted upon its independence of political authority, though in practice this meant that Cluniac monasteries were friendly to all individuals with power. Gorze and its daughter houses were under the supervision of the Emperor.
Thursday, October 24, 2019
Deductive and Inductive Methods of Research Essay
In the quest for logical, supportable and verifiable scientific answers there are two basic methods of reasoning used to approach the subject matter to be studied. These are known as the deductive and the inductive approaches. The two approaches provide quite different lines of attack when attempting to prove or disprove social theories. The information that is gathered is used by social work researchers as supporting evidence to establish connections between theories and empirical data. Rafael Engel and Russell Schutt, The Practice of Research in Social Work, explain â€Å"Theories help us understand how social problems emerge; they guide us in the design of interventions to help individuals, groups or communities†(Rafael. Schutt. 2005. p. 39). In the case of deductive reasoning studies the research is begun from a theoretical basis, focused on a topic, and then narrowed to an; ‘If-Then’ hypotheses that can be tested. Research is conducted to gather data through observations, to confirm or disprove the hypotheses. Inductive reasoning is in a sense a reverse study, as it is through observations made that have initially picked up on certain trends, or established regularities that the hypotheses or theory is developed. In the field of Social work research it is not at all uncommon to utilize both methods of research, and Engel and Schutt refer to this as the â€Å"Research Circle†(2005. p. 45). Research often involves variables, and hypotheses often must stand up to multiple studies to arrive at a conclusive answer. The authors cite the Sherman and Berk’s, 1984, study of domestic violence â€Å"as an example of how the research circle works†(2005. p. 43). They said that first based on data regarding spousal abuse a hypothesis was developed regarding arrest rates. After data was researched that corresponded with the theory, the study was then followed up with inductive research based on the statistics of the data gathered. As noted often the researchers will go around the circle a number of time, as Sherman and Berk’s study did, adjusting variables and methods, to test a multitude of hypotheses. According to Engel and Schutt the â€Å"Inductive research process is more often the strategy used in qualitative methods†(2005. p. 38), and that deductive is â€Å"Most often used in quantitative methods†(2005. p. 38).
Wednesday, October 23, 2019
Poverty Case Essay
â€Å"The most terrible poverty is loneliness, and the feeling of being unloved.†― Mother Teresa It’s frightening to think how those who live under poverty in our country would seem so powerless when in reality are just as powerful. Poverty has the power to disable people from seeing the sun on bright days, while it can enable them to think about the gloomiest ones, desperately resorting to unwanted ways to get what they need. They are equipped with a valid reason for committing crimes and immoral acts, rooting back to poverty, just exactly something we find hard to give solution to. It is hard to embrace them fully, but is harder to condemn them for feeling so hopeless about their situations. Hopelessness is what fuels these people and it’s a sad reality that the society cannot help but let them do the driving – their own dirty way. Loneliness is another type of poverty, as mentioned by Mother Teresa, and even claimed it as the most terrible of all poverties present. Sadly, such was what the three major characters in the stories Cat in the Rain, Miss Brill, and A Rose for Emily, experienced. The traits they had in common rooted back to loneliness, being the reason why they thought they had to do unique, and at a point, questionable ways to be accepted and loved in return. The story Cat in the Rain by Ernest Hemingway focused on the character of an American woman who tries hard to get her husband’s attention by saving a kitten from the rain. As the story develops, it is noticeable that there’s a slight tension between the American couple as emphasized by the husband’s cold treatment to his wife. The wife, in return, recites her desire for things she knows she could not immediately have and will require great effort from her husband to have them. The American wife, enslaved by loneliness and insecurity, displayed selfishness as she repeatedly said, â€Å"Anyway, I want a cat. I want a cat. I want a cat now. If I can’t have long hair or any fun, I can have a cat†(Hemingway 106). Desiring for uncommon things during a vacation trip only meant that there was something wrong with the main character. It wasn’t just the conscious feeling of loneliness that kept her from enjoying the married life; the fact that she wasn’t able to directly express her feelings about how unhappy she is to her husband means that she has been denying the feeling of loneliness herself. The way she felt wasn’t questionable, neither were her feelings unique, but the way she expressed her feelings made them so because she was unconsciously, hardly pressed by her fears. Asking for a cat, and reciting all her desires, â€Å"I want to pull my hair back tight and smooth and make a big knot at the back that I can feel†¦ I want to have a kitty to sit on my lap and purr when I stroke her†¦ and I want to eat at a table with my own silver and I want candles. And I want it to be spring and I want to brush my hair out in front of a mirror and I want a kitty and I want some new clothes.†all of a sudden seems unusual, and it sure is one unique way to attract attention and show her longing for acceptance and love. (Hemingway 105) In comparison to Miss Brill, the American wife is lucky to have someone than no one at all. Miss Brill is an old single woman who wants to be loved in return. Seen in the text is her deep desire to impress other people as she takes time to dress up and try to look beautiful with her favourite old fur necklet before going out to the park. It had been part of her weekly ritual to go out to the park and stroll around, secretly showing how she wants to have her existence validated by the society. Just like the American wife, Miss Brill also has the tendency to shrug off her loneliness, denying the fact that she is unhappy with the way her life is going. This is evident in the first paragraph of the story, â€Å"And when she breathed, something light and sad – no, not sad, exactly – something gentle seemed to move in her bosom†(Mansfield 48). With her shrugging all these feelings off comes the danger of not realizing how desperate her actions seem to other people. These actions, such as eavesdropping on other peoples’ conversations, wearing the old fur necklet and looking silly, acting as if she were on a play, all root from loneliness she had been experiencing. Her desire to be accepted and be united with the community stems from within though she doesn’t seem so conscious of what she exactly wants, thus acting in a weird, odd manner. Miss Brill sought attention and acceptance in a unique way, as her actions and train of thoughts (â€Å"†¦that Miss Brill discovered what it made it so exciting. They were all on stage†) (Mansfield 50) are not normally done and thought about by people who seek the same thing. This proves how much acceptance of one’s weaknesses can help him/her get through it, something that denying can never do. The same situation was what Miss Emily experienced. Her loneliness came from her lack of freedom back when her father was still alive as he was very strict with the relationships she had with others. By the time her father was gone, she had a hard time relating with the rest of the community, isolating herself inside the house. Just like the two other characters mentioned, Miss Emily also had the tendency to deny this loneliness, bluntly shown when she kept her father’s dead body in her house for three days and not accepting others’ sympathy: â€Å"The day after his death all the ladies prepared to call at the house and offer condolence and aid, as is our custom. Miss Emily met them at the door, dressed as usual and with no trace of grief on her face. She told them that her father was not dead†(Faulkner 59) With the constant denial of this loneliness and longing for acceptance, she finds herself obsessing over Homer Barron, who happens to not be a marrying kind and refuses her love for him. Her oppressed feelings for him and her deep desire for his love and acceptance led her to doing unique and questionable actions for her to get him, with or without his consent. As the story progresses, she finds herself purchasing arsenic, a rat poison, and kills Homer Barron without pity. It was a selfish move for her to do; she didn’t even seem to bother about how wrong it was, nor did she think about the possible consequences of such action. What she did was definitely unique and questionable, considering how immoral and selfish it was to kill someone for her own benefit. Just like the American wife who had been pressed by her fears leading to such weird doings, Miss Emily also had her share of fear in losing Homer Barron. The three female characters’ pursuit of love can be so strongly driven that they find themselves doing unique and questionable ways to be loved and accepted in return. They all had fears empowering the loneliness they were feeling, making them deny this poverty in them more and thus, leading to the unique and questionable ways they did in the story. This only shows how much desires can be so powerful that it can make people do anything to get what it is that would make them happy and complete. It is then, important to be able to accept one’s own weaknesses to be able to know and understand what it is that can fully solve and patch things up, something that denying and concealing can never do. Works Cited: [1] â€Å"Mother Teresa of Calcutta quotes.†Find the famous quotes you need, ThinkExist.com Quotations.Thinkexist.com, Web. 4 Jan 2013. [2] Hemingway, Ernest. â€Å"Cat in the Rain.†Lit 13 English Dept. Ateneo de Manila University. Quezon City: np., 2012. 103-106. Print. [3] Mansfield, Katherine. â€Å"Miss Brill.†Lit 13 English Dept. Ateneo de Manila University. Quezon City: np., 2012. 48-51. Print. [4] Faulkner, William. â€Å"A Rose for Emily.†Lit 13 English Dept. Ateneo de Manila University. Quezon City: np., 2012. 57-64. Print.
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